Alash plateau
Melting permafrost increases the greenhouse effect and changes the ecosystem. Scientists from Tomsk and Tuva State Universities are studying this problem on the Alash Plateau in the ridges of the Western Sayan, since for a general picture, specialists do not have enough information about the processes taking place in mountainous areas. The results of the study will be published at the end of the year.
“This is a classic thermokarstvo lake, regular, almost round in shape. And the fact that it increases the area can be seen from the edge of the dead shrubs that simply go under the water,” explains Sergei Kirpotin, chief researcher at Tuva State University.
According to the global scientific observation network Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (GTN-P), over the past 15 years, the temperature of permafrost at a depth of more than 10 meters in Russia has grown three times faster than the rest of the world.
“When the thermokarstre processes intensify, organic matter begins to decompose in these lakes, and, accordingly, a lot of carbon enters the water, which releases into the atmosphere, either in the form of carbon dioxide or in the form of methane,” says Professor Sergei Kirpotin.
In Russia, in the permafrost melting zone, there are about 1,200 settlements and almost 3,500 kilometers of oil and gas pipelines. As part of the monitoring system being developed, the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation plans to modernize observation points in the Arctic zone and install 140 well stations with sensors. Damage from melting permafrost in the Arctic by 2050 could amount to 5 trillion rubles.
Permafrost and climate change
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